Electrical Tar PrecipitatorExcessive Dust Content In Gas Can Affect Equipment Operation Efficiency And Gas Quality, And Targeted Measures Should Be Taken According To Specific Reasons. The Following Are Common Reasons And Solutions:
1、 Possible Cause Analysis
Insufficient Pre-processing In The Front-end, Dust In The Gas Is Not Effectively Removed In The Front-end Process (such As Washing Tower, Cyclone Dust Collector, Etc.) And Directly Enters The Electrostatic Tar Precipitator. Poor Spraying Effect, Clogged Packing Or Uneven Water Flow Distribution In The Washing Tower Result In Poor Dust Washing. The Internal Structure Of The Electrostatic Tar Precipitator Is Affected By Blockage Or Unreasonable Design Of The Gas Inlet Distribution Plate, Resulting In Airflow Deviation And High Local Dust Concentration. Damage Or Improper Installation Of Internal Components Of The Equipment, Such As Baffles And Deflectors, Can Cause Turbulence. The Cathode Wire (corona Electrode) Breaks, Falls Off, Or Scales, Resulting In A Decrease In Electric Field Strength And Inability To Effectively Adsorb Dust. The Surface Of The Anode Plate (precipitation Electrode) Is Covered With Tar Or Dust, Forming An Insulating Layer That Affects Charge Transfer.
Unreasonable Setting Of Operating Parameters
Excessive Temperature (such As Over 100 ℃) Will Reduce The Viscosity Of Tar In The Gas, Making It Difficult For Dust To Adhere To The Electrode;
Low Temperature (such As Below 50 ℃) May Lead To An Increase In Tar Viscosity, Clogging Of Electrodes Or Distribution Plates.
The Electric Field Voltage And Current Are Too Low To Fully Charge And Settle The Dust.
Excessive Gas Flow (exceeding The Designed Processing Capacity Of The Equipment) Results In Dust Staying In The Equipment For Too Short A Time And Not Being Fully Captured.
Gas Temperature Too High Or Too Low:
Failure To Clean Ash/coke In A Timely Manner
The Accumulation Of Dust And Tar On The Electrode Is Too Thick, And It Is Not Regularly Washed Or Mechanically Vibrated To Remove Dust, Resulting In A Decrease In Equipment Efficiency.
Insufficient Flushing Water Pressure Or Nozzle Blockage Results In Poor Dust Cleaning Effect.
Leakage Or Corrosion Of The Equipment Body
Leakage Of Air At The Connection Between The Shell And The Pipeline Can Cause An Increase In Dust Concentration Or Airflow Disturbance Due To The Inhalation Of External Air. Internal Components Such As Electrodes And Distribution Boards Are Corroded And Damaged, Affecting The Capture Efficiency.
2、 Targeted Handling Measures
1. Strengthen Front-end Preprocessing
Check The Dust Removal Equipment In The Front Section: Clean The Packing And Nozzles Of The Washing Tower To Ensure Even Spraying And Improve Dust Washing Efficiency. Check The Operating Status Of The Cyclone Dust Collector Or Bag Filter, Repair Or Replace Damaged Parts (such As Worn Parts Of The Bag Or Cyclone Drum).
Optimize The Front-end Process Parameters:
Adjust The Water Supply Flow And Temperature Of The Washing Tower To Ensure That The Dust Is Fully Wetted And Settled. Regularly Clean The Ash Hopper Of The Front-end Equipment To Avoid Secondary Dust Lifting.
2. Overhaul The Internal Structure Of The Electric Tar Precipitator
Electrode System Maintenance: After Shutdown, Check Whether The Cathode Wire Is Intact, Replace The Broken Or Deformed Corona Electrode, Clean The Tar And Dust Scale On The Surface Of The Cathode Wire And Anode Plate (high-pressure Water Flushing Or Steam Blowing Can Be Used). Adjust The Electrode Spacing To Ensure Even Distribution Of The Electric Field (usually The Distance Error Between The Cathode Wire And The Anode Plate Should Be Less Than ± 5mm).
Optimization Of Airflow Distribution: Clean Up Blockages (such As Tar Lumps And Dust Accumulation) On The Inlet Distribution Plate, Repair Or Replace Damaged Distribution Plates. Check If The Deflector And Baffle Are Misaligned Or Detached, Reinstall Or Adjust Their Positions To Ensure That The Gas Passes Evenly Through The Electric Field.
3. Optimize Operating Parameters
Adjust The Electric Field Voltage/current: Gradually Increase The Electric Field Voltage (not Exceeding The Rated Value Of The Equipment), Observe The Changes In Current And Gas Dust Content, And Ensure That The Operation Is In The High-efficiency Charging Range (usually Voltage Is 30-45kV, Current Is Adjusted According To Equipment Specifications).
Control Gas Flow And Temperature: To Avoid Overload Operation, If The Flow Fluctuates Greatly, Flow Regulating Devices (such As Valves And Frequency Converters) Can Be Added. Adjust The Gas Preheating Or Cooling Device To Control The Temperature Between 70-90 ℃ (the Optimal Capture Temperature Range).
4. Strengthen Ash/coke Cleaning Management
Regular Cleaning Operation: Establish A Cleaning Cycle (such As Manual Vibration Once Per Shift And Water Flushing Once A Week) To Ensure The Cleanliness Of The Electrode Surface. Check The Flushing Water System To Ensure That The Nozzle Is Unobstructed And The Pressure Meets The Standard (usually Flushing Water Pressure ≥ 0.3MPa).
Using Dust Cleaning Auxiliary Methods: A Steam Blowing Device Can Be Added Inside The Electric Tar Catcher To Regularly Clean The Electrodes And Distribution Plate To Prevent Tar Solidification And Adhesion.
5. Repair Equipment Leaks And Corrosion
Leak Detection And Repair: Conduct Air Tightness Checks On Equipment Casings, Flange Interfaces, Manholes, And Other Parts, And Use High-temperature Resistant Sealant Or Replace Gaskets To Address Leaks.
Anti Corrosion Treatment: Remove Rust, Repair Welding Or Replace Severely Corroded Components (such As Anode Plates And Distribution Plates), And Apply Corrosion-resistant Coatings (such As Epoxy Resin And Ceramic Coatings) On The Surface.
3、 Preventive Measures
Regular Testing And Monitoring: Install Online Monitoring Instruments For Gas Dust Content, Track Data Changes In Real Time, And Set Warning Values (such As Alarms When Dust Content Is Greater Than 50mg/m ³). Regularly Collect Gas Samples For Laboratory Analysis To Verify The Accuracy Of Online Instruments.
Operator Training: Strengthen The Training Of Personnel On The Principles, Operating Procedures, And Fault Handling Of Electric Tar Precipitators To Ensure Timely Detection Of Abnormalities And Correct Response.
Develop Maintenance Plan: Establish Equipment Files To Record Maintenance Content, Replacement Parts, And Operating Parameters For Easy Traceability And Trend Analysis.
